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(詳細はUnited States has a racially and ethnically diverse population. The census officially recognizes six ethnic and racial categories: White American, Black or African American, Native American and Alaska Native, Asian American, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and people of two or more races; a race called "Some other race" is also used in the census and other surveys, but is not official.〔〔 The United States Census Bureau also classifies Americans as "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino", which identifies Hispanic and Latino Americans as a racially diverse ''ethnicity'' that composes the largest minority group in the nation.〔〔 White Americans are the racial majority. African Americans are the largest racial minority, amounting to 13.2% of the population. Hispanic and Latino Americans amount to 17.1% of the population, making up the largest ethnic minority. The White, non-Hispanic or Latino population make up 62.6% of the nation's total, with the total White population (including White Hispanics and Latinos) being 77.1%. White Americans are the majority in every region,〔 but contribute the highest proportion of the population in the Midwestern United States, at 85% per the Population Estimates Program (PEP),〔 or 83% per the American Community Survey (ACS). Non-Hispanic Whites make up 79% of the Midwest's population, the highest ratio of any region.〔 However, 35% of White Americans (whether all White Americans or non-Hispanic/Latino only) live in the South, the most of any region.〔〔 55% of the African American population live in the South.〔 A plurality or majority of the other official groups reside in the West. This region is home to 42% of Hispanic and Latino Americans, 46% of Asian Americans, 48% of American Indians and Alaska Natives, 68% of Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders, 37% of the "two or more races" population (Multiracial Americans), and 46% of those designated "some other race".〔 ==Racial and ethnic categories== In the 2000 Census and subsequent United States Census Bureau surveys, Americans self-described as belonging to these racial groups: *White American, European American, or Middle Eastern American: those having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. *Black American or African American: those having origins in any of the original peoples of Sub-Saharan Africa. *Native American or Alaska Native: those having origins in any of the original peoples of North, Central and South America, irrespective of whether they maintain tribal affiliation or community attachment. *Asian American: those having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Central Asia, North Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. *Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islander: those having origins in any of the original peoples of Polynesia, Melanesia, or Micronesia. *Some other race: respondents may write how they identify themselves, if different from the preceding categories (e.g. Roma or Aborigine). However, 95% of the people who report in this category are Hispanic Mestizos.〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Persons reporting some other race, percent, 2000 )〕 This is not a standard OMB race category.〔 Responses have included mixed-race terms such as ''Métis'', ''Creole'', and ''Mulatto'', which are generally considered to be categories of multi-racial ancestry (see below),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Racial and Ethnic Classifications Used in Census 2000 and Beyond )〕 but, write-in entries reported in the 2000 census also included nationalities (as opposed to ethnicities), such as ''South African'', ''Belizean'', or ''Puerto Rican'', as well as other terms for mixed-race groups like ''Wesort'', ''Melungeon'', ''mixed'', ''interracial'', and others. * Two or more races, widely known as Multiracial: those who check off and/or write in more than one race. There is no option labelled "Two or more races" or "Multiracial" on census and other forms; people who report more than one of the foregoing six options are classified as people of "Two or more races" in subsequent processing. Any respondent may identify with any number, up to all six, of the racial categories. Each person has two identifying attributes, racial identity and whether or not they are of Hispanic ethnicity.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=U.S. Census Bureau: FAQs )〕 These categories are sociopolitical constructs and should not be interpreted as being scientific or anthropological in nature.〔 They have been changed from one census to another, and the racial categories include both "racial" and national-origin groups.〔(The American FactFinder )〕〔(Introduction to Race and Ethnic (Hispanic Origin) Data for the Census 2000 Special EEO File )〕 In 2007 the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission of the US Department of Labor finalized its update of the EEO-1 report format and guidelines to come into an effect on September 30, 2007. In particular, this update concerns the definitions of racial/ethnic categories. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Race and ethnicity in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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